Geography Physical Geography Internal structure of earth Theory of plate tectonic Volcanic eruption (Volcanism) Earthquakes (Causes, effects and Predictions) Rocks (Igneous rock, Sedimentary rock, metamorphic rocks) Cycle of erosion Land forms made by Rivers, glaciers, winds, waves Weathering (Physical/mechanical, biological, chemical weathering) Mass wasting / Mass movement Temperature and salinity of oceans Green house effect, Global warming, Acid rain, Ozone depletion Air masses Fronts Thunderstorms Tornados Humidity and precipitation Water cycle Winds (local scale, regional (monsoon), global/primary/permanent winds Atlantic oceans current Pacific oceans current Indian occasion current Human Geography Environmentalism and Possibilism World population: distribution, density and growth Factors affecting population density Migration: Push and Pull factors Malthus theory of population Settlement: Rural and Urban settlement Urbanization: level, causes, effects and measures to control urbanization Central place theory Economic Geography Economic activities Primary, secondary, tertiary economic activities Location of economic activities Primary economic activities (agriculture, farming, herding, livestock ranching, dairy farming) Secondary economic activities Classification of industry Factors influencing location of industry Iron and steel industry Global steel industry (US, UK, Japan, China) Pakistan’s steel industry and SWOT analysis Textile industry of Pakistan Global energy resources (coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear, hydroelectric) Regional Geography Geo-strategic and geo-political importance of Pakistan SAARC and Pakistan CPEC: Challenges and opportunity